When AI joins forces with scientific research

By Yu Sinan, People’s Daily

How powerful is the energy generated when artificial intelligence (AI) collides with scientific research? Recently, the 2024 Nobel Prizes in Physics and Chemistry were awarded to scientists in AI-related fields, which highlighted AI’s increasingly significant role in scientific research.

Turing Award winner and academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Yao Qizhi believes that the future development of AI science will follow two major trends: advancing from narrow AI toward general AI, and enabling interdisciplinary synergies. New technologies and applications, such as embodied AI, AI-driven biomimicry, and AI combined with quantum science, are expected to emerge in abundance.

In recent years, Chinese scientists have been exploring “AI-driven scientific research” across multiple fields, using AI technologies to shorten R&D cycles and reduce costs, accelerating the integration of AI with scientific research.

Electrolytes, often referred to as the “lifeblood” of batteries, are crucial to the development of next-generation batteries. However, the vast molecular combinations of electrolyte materials make it inefficient to screen each one individually.

To address this situation, professor Zhang Qiang and associate researcher Chen Xiang with the Department of Chemical Engineering at Tsinghua University worked together and led their team to propose a novel “AI-designed lithium-ion battery electrolyte” approach, achieving efficient design and development of advanced electrolytes.

The team developed high-throughput computational methods and software for electrolytes, creating a leading database covering over 250,000 electrolyte molecular structures. It developed a domain-knowledge-embedded large model and software platform for electrolytes, enabling rapid property predictions and precise, targeted design within a molecular space of hundreds of millions. According to Chen, these tools allow researchers to design the most suitable electrolytes based on user requirements.

The deep integration of AI with scientific research is not only elevating the application of AI but also driving a shift in scientific research from an experience-led to a data-driven paradigm.

Li Huihui, a researcher with the Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS) and deputy director of the CAAS National Nanfan Research Institute, has witnessed the transformative impact of AI technologies firsthand.

“Conventional breeding methods rely heavily on experience. They are time-consuming, and have low efficiency when it comes to improving traits that are highly influenced by environmental factors. With AI algorithms, researchers can rapidly predict field performance of crops before breeders conduct field trials, which significantly shortens breeding cycles,” Li explained.

Globally, around 1,750 plant germplasm banks hold over 7 million germplasm resources. Due to limitations in analytical tools, many valuable genetic resources remain underutilized.

“AI-assisted genomic selection can analyze millions of genotypes within weeks, greatly enhancing the efficiency and precision of the breeding process and presenting vast application potential,” Li added.

In recent years, the CAAS has accelerated innovation through the integration of agricultural science and AI technologies, forming interdisciplinary teams in areas such as biological breeding and intelligent agricultural machinery.

Today, Li is leading a team dedicated to developing AI tools like deep learning-based genomic selection models and a whole-process smart breeding platform to enhance the breeding efficiency of staple crops like rice, corn, and wheat.

Currently, in fields like materials research, life sciences, pharmaceutical development, semiconductors, and environmental science, scientists are exploring the use of AI to shorten R&D cycles and reduce costs.

The integration of AI with scientific research relies heavily on technical support platforms. Yang Xiaokang, executive vice dean and professor of the Artificial Intelligence Institute of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, explained that to enable more faculty members to use AI in research, the university partnered with Baidu AI Cloud to create an AI-driven scientific research platform. With the computational power, large model development tools, and other resources provided by Baidu AI Cloud, researchers have achieved a series of breakthroughs across fields such as chemical synthesis, fluid dynamics, urban science, and law.

Take the design of small molecules to combat HIV as an example. Jin Yaohui, chief engineer of the Artificial IntelligenceInstitute of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, explained that previously, screening lead compounds took two to three years. With the AI-driven research platform, researchers are able to generate over 250,000 new molecules in less than two minutes and further narrowed down 172 potentially effective molecules within 30 minutes, which greatly enhances the iteration efficiency of molecular design.

Health Minister Collaborates with Key Ministries to Address Medical Consultants’ Demands

Health Minister Collaborates with Ministries to Address Medical Consultants’ Demands

Prof. Muhammad Pate, Coordinating Minister of Health and Social Welfare, has engaged the Ministries of Education, Finance, and Labour and Employment in discussions to address the demands of the Medical and Dental Consultants’ Association of Nigeria (MDCAN). MDCAN issued a 21-day ultimatum, ending on November 11, requesting action on key issues to avoid a nationwide strike.

Key Issues Raised by MDCAN

The association is calling for the inclusion of medical and dental lecturers in the selection process for university Vice-Chancellor positions, the harmonization of the retirement age to 70 for consultants, and the payment of medical lecturers in alignment with the Consolidated Medical Salary Structure (CONMESS) to address disparities.

Progress in Negotiations

MDCAN National President, Prof. Muhammad Muhammad, reported that initial meetings held with the Ministry of Health, Labour, and other stakeholders addressed some of the demands, though the Ministry of Education was not present. The Minister of Health is facilitating further discussions and drafting letters to relevant ministries and the Head of Service to formalize a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) and seek Federal Executive Council approval.

The MDCAN is set to review the outcomes in an emergency meeting on Monday to decide on further actions.

Herdsmen Allegedly Invited Lakurawa Terrorist Group to Sokoto: New Details Emerge

New Details: Herdsmen Allegedly Invited Lakurawa Terrorist Group to Sokoto

A new terrorist group, Lakurawa, has reportedly taken root in Sokoto, allegedly invited by local herdsmen for protection against banditry. The group, composed of militants from Mali, Niger, Libya, and Algeria, is believed to have begun operations in Gongono Forest, Tangaza Local Government Area, as far back as 2018.

The Rise of Lakurawa in Sokoto

According to local sources, this group was initially welcomed by herdsmen seeking defense against frequent bandit attacks. However, Lakurawa soon imposed strict rules aligned with Islamic ideology, enforcing a tax (Zakkat) on livestock, mandatory hijabs for women, and a ban on smoking and drinking.

Local and Federal Responses

The presence of the group has escalated tensions in Sokoto. Sani Alhaji Yakubu, a National Assembly member, urged military intervention to reclaim the forests dominated by Lakurawa and allied local bandits. Major-General Edward Buba from Defence Headquarters recently confirmed the group’s connection to ISIS, raising alarm about their activities in Sokoto and Kebbi states.

Tragic Incidents

The group has been linked to violence, including the beheading of the District Head of Balle, in Gudu Local Government. Local and federal leaders continue to call for increased military resources to counter the threat in affected communities.

CJN Kekere-Ekun Addresses Judiciary’s Strengths and Ethical Challenges

Chief Justice Kekere-Ekun Highlights Judiciary’s Strengths and Ethical Challenges

The Chief Justice of Nigeria (CJN), Justice Kudirat Kekere-Ekun, highlighted both the commendable qualities and ethical challenges within Nigeria’s judiciary during a recent public event in Lagos. Speaking at an event honoring Justice Habeeb Abiru’s Supreme Court appointment, Kekere-Ekun praised the judiciary’s resilience and integrity while acknowledging that a few members still risk tarnishing its reputation.

Ethics, Morality, and Public Perception

Justice Kekere-Ekun emphasized the critical need for the judiciary to maintain public trust, rooted in ethical principles and independence. She highlighted how legal practitioners often balance complex moral and legal responsibilities, navigating an intricate relationship between law and ethics.

Remarks by Notable Figures

The Emir of Kano, Muhammad Sanusi, urged judges to administer justice with a strong moral compass, focusing on substantive justice over procedural technicalities. Attorney General of the Federation, Lateef Fagbemi, SAN, further advocated for fairness and ethical accountability within the legal profession.

Very Reverend Professor Konyinsola Ajayi, SAN, spoke on the erosion of the rule of law in the public eye, noting that recent court decisions often contribute to uncertainty. Former Lagos Governor Babatunde Fashola, SAN, also addressed the importance of law as a tool distinguishing human society from chaos.

Black Market Dollar to Naira Rate Today – 10th November 2024

Dollar to Naira Exchange Rate Today – 10th November 2024

The black market (parallel market) exchange rate for the Dollar to Naira, as of 10th November 2024, is provided below. Discover the current buying and selling rates for exchanging dollars in Nigeria’s informal market.

Dollar to Naira Rate Today (Parallel Market)

  • Buying Rate: N1740
  • Selling Rate: N1745

These rates indicate the current value at which you can exchange dollars for Naira in the Lagos parallel market as reported by Bureau De Change (BDC) sources.

Important Note: The Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) does not endorse the parallel market. Individuals are advised to use their official banking channels for foreign exchange (Forex) transactions.

CBN Official Dollar to Naira Rate

  • Buying Rate: N1664
  • Selling Rate: N1665

Note: Market rates may vary slightly due to fluctuations in currency demand and supply.

In Other News: Civil Society Calls for Probe Into Fuel Importation Practices

The Nigerian Coalition of Civil Society Organizations (NICOCSO) has urged President Bola Tinubu’s administration to investigate activities allegedly orchestrated by influential groups supporting PMS imports. NICOCSO claims these efforts jeopardize the growth of Nigeria’s local refining sector, deplete national resources, and weaken the Naira.

First Lady Remi Tinubu Refutes Claims of Organizing National Prayer Event

Nigeria’s First Lady, Senator Oluremi Tinubu, has denied reports suggesting she is organizing a national prayer event alongside National Security Adviser Nuhu Ribadu. According to a statement released by her Senior Special Adviser on Media, Busola Kukoyi, the circulating claims are “unfounded and misleading.”

The statement clarified that while Senator Tinubu, a strong advocate for prayer, believes in praying for Nigeria, any prayer for the nation should be voluntary and come from all Nigerians, regardless of background. The public is urged to verify any news about the First Lady through official channels.

NAF Air Strikes Eliminate 70 Terrorists in Borno; Troops Dismantle 83 Illegal Refining Sites Nationwide

The Nigerian Air Force (NAF) recently conducted targeted air strikes in Borno State, resulting in the deaths of 70 terrorists in Kwallaram and Arianna Ciki islands, according to Major General Edward Buba, Director of Defence Media Operations. The strikes, carried out on November 6, were part of a nationwide security operation that also led to the elimination of 169 terrorists and the arrest of 641 criminal suspects in the past week.

Additionally, the operation saw troops recover large quantities of weaponry and ammunition, including AK-47 rifles and RPGs. In the Niger Delta region, security forces destroyed 83 illegal refining sites, arrested 40 oil thieves, and seized over 900,000 liters of stolen crude oil, diesel, and petrol. General Buba affirmed the Armed Forces’ ongoing efforts to combat insecurity and protect Nigeria’s economy from sabotage.

Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala Set to Secure Second Term as WTO Director-General with No Contenders

The World Trade Organization (WTO) has confirmed Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala as the only candidate for the Director-General role, paving the way for her reappointment as her first term nears its end. Okonjo-Iweala, who announced her willingness to serve another four-year term on September 16, faces no competition after the November 8 nomination deadline passed without any other contenders.

WTO General Council Chair Petter Olberg formally communicated this, noting that the organization will soon outline the remaining steps in the appointment process. Okonjo-Iweala’s current term, ending on August 31, 2025, marked a historic milestone as she became the WTO’s first female and African leader in 2021.

2Baba Gears Up for New Album with Fresh Studio Sessions

Afro-pop icon 2Baba is making waves once again, returning to the studio to work on his upcoming album, “One Love.” Following the success of his recent single, “Kuku Google Am,” the “African Queen” hitmaker has been seen recording with his band in Lekki, sparking excitement among fans.

The celebrated artist, with over eight million followers on Instagram, has kept most of the album’s tracklist a mystery, adding to the anticipation. Fans are eager to see how 2Baba, known for his soulful voice and timeless hits, will blend his classic sound with contemporary influences in this highly anticipated project.

As the countdown to “One Love” continues, expectations are high for another legendary release from one of Africa’s most influential music figures.

Dangote Refinery to Begin Fuel Exports Across Africa Amid Domestic Price Hike

The Dangote Refinery, with a capacity of 650,000 barrels per day, is preparing to export fuel to South Africa, Angola, Namibia, and other African countries, despite high fuel prices in Nigeria. Sources reveal that advanced negotiations are underway with these nations, while preliminary talks have also begun with Niger, Chad, Burkina Faso, and the Central African Republic. Ghana has shown strong interest, with officials noting that an agreement with Dangote could reduce the country’s reliance on European imports, saving $400 million monthly.

Local fuel marketers, however, remain reluctant to purchase from the refinery, citing high prices. They continue to import fuel and have requested approvals from the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) and the Nigerian Midstream and Downstream Petroleum Regulatory Authority (NMDPRA) for affordable imports. These marketers, represented by IPMAN and PETROAN, claim that Dangote’s pricing strategy could lead to market monopolization.

Meanwhile, PETROAN has applied for its own import license, alleging that Dangote’s pricing is limiting competition. The association argues that their imports will offer higher-quality fuel and reduce costs for Nigerian consumers once approved. An NMDPRA official clarified that import applications must be submitted individually, not by associations, to comply with regulatory standards.